What we Treat / Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis, which is primarily characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints and ligaments of the spine, causing pain and stiffness in the spine. In severe cases, bones in the spine may fuse (also referred to as ankylosis) resulting in a rigid and inflexible spine. Abnormal posture may be a consequence. Far less commonly other joints may also be involved including hips, knees, ankles, neck, or shoulders. The disease may also have systemic effects (i.e. affecting various organs of the body).
The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown but since the HLA-B27 gene is present in 90 percent of people with ankylosing spondylitis, there appears to be a genetic connection. However, it's important to know that not everyone who has the HLA-B27 gene develops ankylosing spondylitis. Other risk factors are involved.
Inflammation associated with ankylosing spondylitis commonly starts at the lower spine or sacroiliac joints. The earliest symptoms are often chronic pain and stiffness in the lower back region and hips. Typical ankylosing spondylitis pain in the back worsens following rest or inactivity.
As symptoms of pain and stiffness progress up the spine to the neck, possibly including the rib cage area, bones may fuse and normal movement is lost. If the rib cage is involved, abnormal chest expansion may cause breathing difficulties.
Our physios can aid in diagnosing the presence of ankylosing spondylitis based on symptoms (e.g. pain and stiffness), physical examination (e.g. check for tenderness and decreased range of motion), abnormalities on x-rays and blood tests (e.g. presence of HLA-B27). Early symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis can cause confusion because they mimic other conditions.
Once it is determined that ankylosing spondylitis is the cause of symptoms our Physios will focus on reducing pain, stiffness, and inflammation via a range of spinal mobilization techniques, soft tissue management, and strengthening of core muscle groups. Preventing deformity, maintaining function and good posture are also goals of treatment.
Physiotherapy and exercise routines are a significant part of any treatment plan for ankylosing spondylitis, in conjunction with any prescribed medications from your GP and or consultant.
