What we Treat / Meniscal Injuries
A Meniscus tear describes a tear in the shock-absorbing cartilage (meniscus) of the knee. The meniscus is a C-shaped fibrous piece of cartilage, which is found in certain joints and forms a buffer between the bones to protect the joint surface. The meniscus also serves as a shock-absorption system, assists in lubricating the joint, and limits the joint flexion and extension.
A twisting mechanism or over-flexing the joint most commonly causes Meniscal tears. It is a common injury in sports that require rapid, forceful changes of direction (i.e.: football, basketball etc). A "pop" sound is often noted at the time of injury, followed by joint pain and swelling within the knee joint. Discomfort increases when gentle pressure is applied to the joint and often a recurrent “knee-catching” or “locking of the joint” occurs.
Our Physios can diagnose meniscal tears through a variety of tests including the McMurray's test and Apley’s compression test. Pain elicited in the inner part of the joint may indicate an inner (medial) meniscal tear. Where there is any uncertainty in diagnosis an MRI can be organized in conjunction with your GP to conclusively determine any damage.
The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and protect the joint from further injury while it heals. Initial management will include the RICE protocol - rest, ice, compression and elevation. It is important that this is done correctly and our Physios can advise you on this. This is aimed at reducing the bleeding and secondary tissue damage.
Full weight bearing is discouraged (the person may need to use crutches). A knee immobilizer is can be applied to prevent further injury to the joint when necessary. Your GP may prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce swelling and pain.
Physical activity is allowed, as tolerated. Your Physio will guide you through the process of regaining movement and muscle strength on the return to full activity. Where necessary we can refer to an orthopaedic consultant. Knee arthroscopy (surgery) may be necessary. Age has an effect on treatment, as younger patients are more likely to have problems without surgery.
While the knee is the most commonly affected meniscus of the body, there are other joints with similar structures such as the hip, shoulder and wrist joints. These are less commonly affected but can similarly be attended to by our highly qualified staff.
